Personal Narrative Cultural Perspective Essay - 1101 Words

Personal Narrative: Cultural Perspective What is culture? Culture is the idea of what is wrong or right, the concept of what is acceptable within our society. Culture serves us as a guide, taking us to the right way and helping us to make sense of things that surrounds us. There are many different cultures around the world. A lot of them are similar in specific ways and others are just completely different, this difference explains why we think that people from different backgrounds are weird. The person that I interviewed is from the United States; he is 20 years old and a student at Tri-State University. John Smith is an African American from East Chicago, IN. John comes from a community where†¦show more content†¦is far more technologically advanced than Brazil. The U.S. has a huge influence in the Brazilian culture. This is due to the fact that economical strings tie us, so we are attached whether we like it or not. We buy CDs from America, we listen to the same music, we have MTV, and we wear the same clothes. We also incorporated to our vocabulary a lot of English words such as Shopping Center or Sale. This is a sign that the Brazilian culture has become Americanized to a certain extend. Part of the cultural aspects that is similar is the way we view women in our cultures. In Brazil as well as in the U.S., women are viewed as workers. The idea that women should stay at home taking care of the kids does not exist anymore; our capitalistic society needs every person to work in order to have a decent life. Ezell also described the way the elderly is treated in his culture. They are treated with a lot of respect and love. The younger people have no need to change their language or nonverbal behavior when interacting with an old person. They are seen as active and still useful in some ways. In Brazil, the elderly is viewed as a fragile piece of glass. They are treated with a lot of respect and love as well, but at the same time we do not give them any credit. It is very rare to see an old person being active in Brazil, maybe because our life expectation is shorter. When a person reaches a certain age, it seems like they lose all their value to our society.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Karen Hos Biographies Of Hegemony1699 Words   |  7 Pagesconception of an illness has been deliberately exported to Japan. In both of these texts, there is a clear overlap between the themes of cultural narratives and personal choices. Cultural narratives in a given society help shape the community and al low an individual to get a better understanding of the general principals and societal norms. For examples, narratives such as a culture of smartness in Ho’s essay and marking strategies in Watters’ essay, allow an individual to explore the available optionsRead MoreMultiple Theories Influenced The Development Of My Personal Model And Therapeutic Approach For Couples And Families1668 Words   |  7 Pagesmultiple theories have influenced the development of my personal model and therapeutic approach to couples and families. Three theories in particular that I draw my therapeutic approach from includes: narrative therapy, emotionally focused couple’s therapy, and attachment theory. I will articulate the theoretical underpinnings of these three theories and integrate them in one cohesive personal model called Emotional Enhanced Attachment Narrative Therapy. 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The principle complicates discussions pertaining to the existence of absolute truths in Christianity. Personal experience has revealed that nobody is willing to condemn f oreign cultures as deficient or superior. Due to the horrendous atrocities committed in the nineteenthRead MoreThe Philosophical Framework Missing From Mental Health1517 Words   |  7 Pagesupon how this approach could significantly impact mental health care attitudes, beliefs, access and treatment. This is an important topic because stigma not only affects how providers treat their clients, but it also impacts greater occupational, cultural and societal views on mental health challenges, and in turn, the individual suffering from mental health challenges. Additionally, continuing to neglect this issue perpetuates a faà §ade among mental health educators and practitioners, of a unidimensionalRead MoreSocial Work Practice Using Casw Guidelines952 Words   |  4 Pagesutilize both narrative and solution-focused therapies should fully understand the strengths and limitations of these theories in their professional practice using CASW guidelines. Additionally, social workers sho uld examine if these single approaches are sufficiently comprehensive to address all of a client s problems, or if a more flexible, adaptable approach of eclecticism is more suited (Coady Lehmann, 2008). Gender Narrative therapy acknowledges that an individual s narrative is shaped byRead MoreThe Partition Of Indi A New Understanding Of Partition1506 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom a woman’s perspective. The first chapter, speaking for themselves, addresses the challenges faced in the research phase of the book and the historiographical importance for giving silenced partitioned women a voice. The rest of the book encapsulates the struggles faced by women, particularly from a Hindu perspective through the initial displacement of ten million people, Menon and Bhasin explore processes of abduction, repatriation and sub-sequential ‘liberation’ through personal testimonies,Read MoreTravel Writing Of The 21st Century : An Exploration Of Relevance Through William Dalrymple1643 Words   |  7 Pages[which] has proved horribly illusory† (Dalrymple 4). Travel writing provides global context and depth that is difficult to access through the internet, lending first-person perspe ctive to international experiences. In Introduction to the Best Travel Writing 2010 author William Dalrymple uses persuasive techniques such as personal anecdotes, repetition, and quotes to convince readers of the continued relevance of travel writing in the 21st century. According to Dalrymple, travel writing is key toRead MoreAsian American Narratives Defined By The Intergenerational Model1120 Words   |  5 PagesAsian American Narratives Defined by the Intergenerational Model The Asian American experience primarily narrates a story of hardship in assimilation into the American society. However, these stories are heavily nuanced depending on the generational perspective. The Asian American experience from the first generation emphasizes the practical concerns in surviving economically in a foreign land. On the other hand, the second generation recounts social and personal conflicts that primarily deal withRead MoreTaste of Cherry 1997 Film1202 Words   |  5 Pagesfollows the protagonist Mr. Badii as he rides through the outskirts of Tehran looking for someone to help him complete a task. As the film is shot in Iran it will carry signs of post revolutionary Iranian culture already opening up our curiosity to the cultural discourse that surrounds the film. What Kiarostami does is portray an Iranian image and by including the epilogue raises questions of how to transcend it. In his writing Rosenbaums argument that the end sequence acts as a relief from the solitude

Thinspiration Discussion Free Essays

Dealing with a first- and experience of an eating disorder, due to a close friend having the illness, can say for a fact that there is nothing glamorous about it and it is certainly nothing that an individual should strive to attain. I’m absolutely sickened by that fact that there are Pro- Anorexia and Pro-Bulimia websites which glorify dangerously thin bodies and post images and tips on how to achieve them. These sites provide false nutritional advice and avoid discussing the negative aspects of being too thin and having abnormal eating habits. We will write a custom essay sample on Thinspiration Discussion or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although eating disorders are not a new concept to our society, the deals of administration treat the disorder as if its a lifestyle choice, something acceptable. Think that it would be helpful to discuss on forums with other individuals suffering from the disorder, but only with the intentions of aiding one another in recovering and grieving. But instead, people will post pictures of skinny men or women and use that image as motivation to starve or purge. Feel like oftentimes people don’t know how to approach individuals who are obviously dealing with an eating disorder, so they just let them be and the conditions only worsen. Sometimes cases go unreported because one doesn’t look too skinny, for instance; its a difficult disorder to diagnose. Sis our society would stop being so critical ad realize that individuals with such a serious disorder cannot help themselves on their own; it’s a mental illness typically as the result of another disease that adds extra stress and anxiety into one’s life. One of the examples given in the article was of a girl named Marimbas dealing with anorexia who would log onto Faceable to motivate herself to lose more weight as she scrolled through her News Feed of other arils posting pictures of their tin bodies and discussing how they’ve lost weight or have t o go back to treatment. I had no idea that these individuals suffering with eating disorders saw it all as a competition, who can be the best at being anorexic or bulimic, who can get the sickest, the fastest. Someone with an eating disorder becomes so consumed and obsessed with everything revolving around it that they can’t even function in their everyday life activities. How to cite Thinspiration Discussion, Papers

Emotional Intelligence Strengths Weaknesses-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Emotional Intelligencefor Strengths and Weaknesses. Answer: Strengths and Weaknesses Emotional intelligence is crucial for the employees, as it improves employees competence to deal with conflicts in organizational context. Therefore the initiator has to recognize him so that he can use his own strengths and weaknesses to develop a consort that would be checked for each member of the organization to assess the requirement of alterations to be made (Martin-Raugh et al. 2016). While developing emotional intelligence, I would explore my self-driven independence as strength to deal with a conflict situation. Therefore my emotions remain in control and I can independently carry out my task without disturbing others or seeking for help. I believe strongly in self regulation as control over emotions does not make me too angry or jealous. So, I can avoid impulsive and careless decisions. I have positive outlook in my life which helps me to increase productivity and face challenges. I do not let negativity affect me and believe in turning around even if I fail with positive d reams for future. My weaknesses are my social skills, empathy and open mindedness. Due to lack of social skill and stubborn behavior, I often fail to connect with others and understand others emotions. I am less empathetic and so my ability to identify others needs wants and viewpoints of colleagues surrounding me. Stressor Absence of social skills often creates a stress on my relationship and communication with my teammates. If I develop my social skills, I would be able to manage disputes and will be excellent in communication with my fellow workers. I will be masters at building and maintaining relationship with teammates. They can impose my feeling about emotional intelligence on them so that they can also adopt good communication skills and do not get entangle into any duels with colleagues (Druskat, Mount and Sala 2013). Managing Pressures Proper management of all the important skills of emotional intelligence will help to master oneself for all the pressures which he faces while giving presentation or during public speaking events and others. These skills help us to turn intention into effective actions, in order to make informed decisions about things that we have to achieve, and to connect to others in productive and nurturing ways. Having the skill of correct self management is considered to be a very vital step in managing emotions and also in self control. While giving a presentation or an interview, different emotions of fear, confusion, pressure, tension, self control, easy talking and many others may fill our minds and hence our emotions may not be displayed as we want to. Therefore self management of emotions is very important to make constructive decisions about ones behavior. Getting overstressed often makes us lose ability to act thoughtfully and appropriately as we step out of our comfort zone. With the c apability of maintaining stress and being emotionally present I can learn to receive disturbing pieces of information without allowing them to override our control and thoughts. Proper self management will help to control impulsive feelings and behaviors, manage emotions in healthy ways, take initiative in proper work output, follow through on instructions and adapt to changing circumstances (Ciarrochi and Mayer 2013) Triggers Affecting our Emotional State Closing of the office door after excluding me from the meeting will result in a cloud of different emotions in us which may be harmful for us while taking farther step. It may initiate a trigger of depression in me due to the lack of proper acceptance in the workplace for which my health as well as my family life may get affected. Depression may arise from anger, inability to communicate properly in meeting, inability to express my views in the meeting and others (Elfenbein et al. 2015). Good social skills and proper communication skills would have helped me to handle the meeting and express my feelings. Self regulations and self awareness would help to control my emotions after the closure of the door and not take a drastic step affecting my career. Proper self regulation and self awareness would help me with my intuitions and do not allow my emotions to control me. Rather it would guide me to proper emotional display and help to come out of depression and sadness. Feedback The various strengths and weaknesses that I possess would surely be noted by my colleagues. They spend good amount of time with me in the working environment. Once they make an initiative to inform me about my aspects, I would welcome their feelings and listen to them patiently. Altering my behavior for improving emotional intelligence will help me to flourish in my career and at the same time working environment will also be benefitted with better productivity. Tell tale cues A good tell tale cues that I had recognized from a fellow worker who sits just next to me named Mr. Brown is that he is self motivated. When we were concerned about the bonus that were not provided to us by the organization for the extra hours we provided, he was more interested in his own goals and interests and handles the disappointment and negative outcomes effectively due to his bigger picture long term outlook. Another tale emotional cue that I understood from another fellow colleague named Jennifer is that she is extremely empathetic in her approach that I tremendously lack in my own working grounds. She is able to understand other peoples view easily, able to respond in constructive ways especially in difficult situations and can easily anticipate their teammates and managers needs. As a result she is well liked and I along with other workers have to implement such skills on order to develop the workplace environment. Another tell-tale cue that I can identify with is self awa reness that Mr. Johnson also shows. Both of us are able to understand our own emotions and at the same time can evaluate the emotions undergoing in the teammates and therefore we are not easily blown away it restricted by our emotions. We can control them and thereby undertake decisions effectively. Culture and Diversity A worker with different cultural and social background has different sets of thoughts, opinions, beliefs, norms, customs, values, trends and traditions. They may be of different race, ethnicity, gender, age and disability. Providing significance and value to such requirements of such workers is important as that would help to improve their respective productivities as they feel more accepted in the organization. Good empathetic skills, social skills and open mindedness from all workers of the organization towards them would help them happy and contempt (Njoroge and Yazdanifard 2014). Otherwise, they may get depressed, self-centered, unhappy, careless, selfish, adamant, fearful and others as a result of which entire organization and its environment may get affected (Moran et al. 2014). Their self confidence may get affected and therefore self image may be harmed. As a result they will lose their self esteem and that will have a major impact on their work and companys productivity will be obstructed. Initiatives Intercultural literacy is a key skill that should be possessed by individuals at a work place with colleagues from different cultural background. This skill help to understand the cultural whys behind the behavior displayed, seeing the benefits and limitation of each cultural norms and transcending my own perspective. With the help of this ability and being empathetic towards them, one can easily evaluate the feeling of others, manage relationships and relate to such workers. Developing social skill with proper communication skill would make them easy and they feel more accepted in the workplace (Erez et al. 2013). Reference List Ciarrochi, J. and Mayer, J.D., 2013.Applying emotional intelligence: A practitioner's guide. Psychology Press. Druskat, V.U., Mount, G. and Sala, F., 2013.Linking emotional intelligence and performance at work: Current research evidence with individuals and groups. Psychology Press. Elfenbein, H.A., Barsade, S.G. and Eisenkraft, N., 2015. The social perception of emotional abilities: expanding what we know about observer ratings of emotional intelligence.Emotion,15(1), p.17. Erez, M., Lisak, A., Harush, R., Glikson, E., Nouri, R. and Shokef, E., 2013. Going global: Developing management students' cultural intelligence and global identity in culturally diverse virtual teams.Academy of Management Learning Education,12(3), pp.330-355. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. and McKee, A., 2013.Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press. Martin-Raugh, M.P., Kell, H.J. and Motowidlo, S.J., 2016. Prosocial knowledge mediates effects of agreeableness and emotional intelligence on prosocial behavior.Personality and Individual Differences,90, pp.41-49. Moran, R.T., Abramson, N.R. and Moran, S.V., 2014.Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Njoroge, C.N. and Yazdanifard, R., 2014. The impact of social and emotional intelligence on employee motivation in a multigenerational workplace.International Journal of Information, Business and Management,6(4), p.163.

Managing a Retailers Finances

The merchandise budget The merchandise budget is a clear plan of the sales anticipated by a retailer over a given period in the future. The merchandise budget influences the amount of commodities to be purchased by the retailing company. It also highlights the possible reductions and markups that the company might have to embrace.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing a Retailer’s Finances specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The merchandising budget should be prepared after considering the anticipated sales, the stock on hand, and the required gross margins for the company to attain higher profits. The language of the budget should be clear, and the budget must be based on a specific timeline. For instance, most retail firms create a six-month merchandising budget. The variables contained in a merchandise budget include the planned sales, planned BOM and EOM inventories, and the retail reductions. The budg et must also contain the purchases at retail and cost, as well as the planned gross margins of the buyer. Retail accounting statements There are three retail accounting statements. These include the income statement, balance sheet, and the statement of cash flow. The income statement highlights the profit or loss made by the company over a given period. The balance sheet is a financial statement that highlights the company’s liabilities, assets, and shareholder’s equity at a given time. The assets must balance with the liabilities and the equity held by the shareholders. The cash flow statement breaks down the effects of different financial activities on the cash available for the retail company. Inventory valuation Inventory valuation entails calculating all the costs involved in the process of placing the items in the inventory in place. There are two methods of accounting inventory systems, and these include the cost method and the retail method. Inventory valuation also includes inventory pricing systems, which may follow the first-in-first-out (FIFO) procedure or the last-in-first-out (LIFO) strategy.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Merchandise buying and handling Steps in Merchandise buying and handling The first step is identifying the most viable sources of supply. This involves identifying the best manufacturers. The second step involves contacting the suppliers. The third step entails conducting an evaluation of the prospective suppliers. This process results in the identification of the best supplier. The fourth step entails negotiations on prices and services associated with delivery. The last step is the purchasing process, which entails making payments and receiving the merchandise on the part of the retailer (Dunne, Lusch Carver, 2013). Dollar-merchandise planning Dollar merchandise planning influences the allocation of ca sh in the company because it determines the best way to balance the stock and sales. The plan highlights the desirable rate of spending for the company (Dunne, Lusch Carver, 2013). Dollar-merchandise control The retailer must control the dollar plan by limiting the commitments on merchandise that would exceed the dollar amount that the buyer can safely spend. Dollar-merchandise control ensures that the retailer sticks to the merchandise budget prepared at the beginning of a given period of business (Dunne, Lusch Carver, 2013). Inventory planning Inventory planning is a vital process in retailing because it involves the alignment of the quantity, timing, sales, and production capacity of the inventory. This process facilitates effective control of the profit margins of the company and the cash flow system (Dunne, Lusch Carver, 2013). Selection of merchandise source The selection of a merchandise source determines the cost of the inventory, and the profit margins for the retailer. It is important to select a merchandise source based on affordability and reliability of the source (Dunne, Lusch Carver, 2013). Retailers can acquire their merchandise from different manufacturers; hence, there must be a comprehensive system to manage the supply chain.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing a Retailer’s Finances specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Vendor negotiations Vendor negotiations entail discussions on the price of the merchandise and delivery information between the retailer and the potential suppliers. This process facilitates a ground for bargaining between the involved suppliers and the retailer. Item creation and location Item creation involves the development of a unique tag on the items in the inventory that can be used to identify the items. Retailers must create items and feed the data to the inventory database for reference. The items should also indicate their specific l ocation in the stores for easy access during the process of taking the inventory. Replenishment and in-store handling If the retailer is selling perishable goods with short expiry dates, it is important to prevent the LIFO effect on the consumers by limiting the number of batches of the products displayed on the shelves. This ensures that the retailer achieves the FIFO strategy in selling and reduces losses caused by the expiration of products on the shelves. This process also helps in handling the storage constraints in the store (Broekmeulen Bakx, 2010). Merchandise-line reviews This process involves the evaluation of the identified opportunities and challenges associated with the merchandise in the past. It also involves the formulation of solutions to the problems associated with the merchandise by looking at the solution derived in the past (What are the Key Elements of a Merchandise Planning System? 2015). Markdowns Markdowns are the levels of price reduction that the retaile r is forced to apply to the merchandise to respond to various constraints in the market. These constraints could be the availability of cheaper alternative products or bad assortment planning of the merchandise (Sayner, 2011). Retail Pricing Pricing objectives and policies Pricing objectives and policies influence the pricing of the products in a retail company. The pricing objective should be aligned with the strategic financial objectives of the retail company. The elasticity of consumer prices should be considered while setting the price objectives and policies (Varley, 2006).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Target return objective This is an investment tool that is used to determine the rate of financial returns that a retailer is looking to achieve from the merchandise. Profit Maximization Profit maximization is a technique used by retail companies to influence the attainment of the greatest profit on investments. It entails the manipulation of the prices of the products in the inventory to attain the highest profit margins (Varley, 2006). Skimming Skimming is a pricing strategy used by companies whereby they place the highest possible price for a commodity. As soon as the first client purchases the commodity at the set price, the company lowers the price to attract other customers (Varley, 2006). Pricing Strategies Pricing strategies are crucial in profit maximization because they determine the position of the products in a competitive retail industry. Companies must develop pricing strategies that foster the attainment of the greatest profit margins (Varley, 2006). Pricing below the market Pricing below the market is a strategy that entails offering products at prices that are below the standard market prices with the objective of enhancing the competitive power of the associated product. Pricing at market levels Pricing at market levels entails the development of a pricing strategy that matches set by other retailers in the industry. This pricing method is common for companies operating in a perfectly competitive market. Pricing above the market Pricing above the market entails developing a pricing strategy that places higher than normal prices of the products offered by a retailer. This technique is associated with the maximization of profits. Using Markups Markups are strategic tools used to raise the price of commodities when the demand increases. Markups entail adding specified rates for different commodities sold by a retailer. Markdown Management Markdown management entails the development of a control system to determine the minimum level of profit mar gins that the retail company is willing to obtain. Markdown management is essential in the development of pricing objective and policies because it entails the reduction of the prices of different products offered by a retailing company (Varley, 2006). Advertising and Promotion Advertising and promotion are indispensable factors in the management of retail operations. Advertising and promotion help retail companies to increase their market share by enhancing the awareness of the presence of their respective brands in the market (Belch Belch, 2011). Types of promotions Advertising Advertising in the retail industry is a viable strategy to communicate to potential clients and to create awareness of the existence of different products. Advertising helps companies to maintain and increase their market share. Advertising should be conducted in a persuasive manner to appeal to the target market (Belch Belch, 2011). Sales promotion Sales promotion is a strategy applied to increase the ra te of sales in a retail company. There are different methods of sales promotions, and their main aim is to entice consumers to increase the demand for a specific commodity (Belch Belch, 2011). Publicity Publicity involves the development of awareness of the existence of products. Publicity is a marketing strategy that increases the sales of specific products in a company, and it is widely used by retailers to introduce new products to the consumers. Personal selling Personal selling entails the use of a salesperson to sell products to potential customers. Personal selling is an effective strategy in marketing because it creates awareness of the existence of new products, and it also provides a platform for the retailer to persuade the target customers to purchase products. There are many strategies used in retail selling, but they follow specific steps. These steps include approaching the customer, determining the problem to solve for the customer, and presenting the merchandise to solve the problem. Making the sale and developing a relationship to open grounds for future sales are also important steps in the process (Belch Belch, 2011). Customer Service Customer service is a concept that encompasses all the services that a retailer provides to the customers in the retail store and other business platforms. Customer loyalty to companies is a function of the quality of services that the company offers. Customer services are normally provided to the consumers before they make a purchase, during the purchasing process and after the purchase is made. This provides a comprehensive coverage of services to keep the customer happy and satisfied. Customer care is a tool for adding value to the products offered by a retailer. Harnessing market share in a competitive market is difficult; hence, most retailers add value to their products by improving the quality of their customer services. This quality is facilitated by investing in training and development programs for the employees, and providing some extra free services to the customers. This may include free delivery of products (Belch Belch, 2011). Retail Selling Retail selling is the essence of doing business in the retail industry. It entails the development of a relationship with the customer and persuading the customer to assume a purchasing behavior that is beneficial to the company. Retail selling focuses on selling merchandise at the most profitable prices and quantity. Retail selling is associated with the sale of small quantities of merchandise to individual customers. The trick is to maintain a loyal market share that can help in the attainment of the objective of the company. Most retailers increase their selling rates by reducing the prices of their merchandise, and providing services that add value to the merchandise. The quality of the merchandise also plays a major role in retaining market share (Belch Belch, 2011). Store layout and design The layout and design of a retail st ore determine the number of sales and the type of products that consumers purchase. A good retailer must develop a store layout that facilitates the arrangement of products in different related categories. The layout should also aim at maximizing the available space. The merchandise should fit on the shelves available; hence space management is a crucial requirement. The design of the store determines the accessibility of the merchandise on display (Belch Belch, 2011). One of the best strategies used by retailers is the placement of enticing and new products near the entry of the store to attract customers. The design of the store should ensure that all the merchandise is clearly displayed. References Belch, G., Belch, M. (2011). Advertising and Promotion: An Integrated Marketing Communications Perspective. New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Broekmeulen, R. A. C. M., Bakx, C. H. M. (2010). In-store replenishment procedures for perishable inventory in a retail environment with handl ing costs and storage constraints. Web. Dunne, P., Lusch, R., Carver, J. (2013). Retailing. Boston: Cengage Learning. Sayner, R. (2011). Markups Markdowns. Web. Varley, R. (2006). Retail Product Management: Buying and Merchandising. London: Psychology Press. What are the Key Elements of a Merchandise Planning System? (2015). Web. This essay on Managing a Retailer’s Finances was written and submitted by user Hazel Galloway to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Online Public and Charter Schools for Illinois Students

Online Public and Charter Schools for Illinois Students Illinois offers resident students the opportunity to take online public school courses for free. Below is a list of no-cost online schools currently serving elementary and high school students in Illinois. To qualify for the list, schools must meet the following qualifications: classes must be available completely online, they must offer services to state residents, and they must be funded by the government. Virtual schools listed may be charter schools, state-wide public programs, or private programs that receive government funding. List of Illinois Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Chicago Virtual Charter School About Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Many states now offer tuition-free online schools for resident students under a certain age (often 21). Most virtual schools are charter schools; they receive government funding and are run by a private organization. Online charter schools are subject to fewer restrictions than traditional schools. However, they are reviewed regularly and must continue to meet state standards. Some states also offer their own online public schools. These virtual programs generally operate from a state office or a school district. State-wide public school programs vary. Some online public schools offer a limited number of remedial or advanced courses not available in brick-and-mortar public school campuses. Others offer full online diploma programs. A few states choose to fund â€Å"seats† for students in private online schools. The number of available seats may be limited, and students are usually asked to apply through their public school guidance counselor. Choosing an Illinois Online Public School When choosing an online public school, look for an established program that is  regionally accredited and has a track record of success. Be wary of new schools that are disorganized, are unaccredited, or have been the subject of public scrutiny.

Boston Consulting Group on Strategy Conformity

Today, management of various organizations are obligated to ensure success is achieved despite the plexity and dynamism of the current business environment. It thus largely depends on the organization structure as well as the appropriateness of the strategies formulated by the management. Apparently, the business strategies need planning gurus who can align business projections with short term and long term objectives. Besides, group influence plays a critical role in one’s ability to formulate decisions. In most cases, an individual may decide to take a particular decision just to conform to group norms. This discussion, therefore, has addressed Yves Morieux contributions on organization strategy and Asch conformity experiment to examine individual conformity to group thinking. Yves Monrieux assertion concerning structure and strategy conforms to the current management imperatives (Yves & Peter, 2014). Today, the success of business greatly relies on the ability of the management to establish effective operational and strategic aims. These goals are supposed to be timely instituted, and affirmative action is taken to ensure they have implemented accordingly. The success needs an administration structure that is flexible and making new decisions based on the situation. There should be smooth coordination and understanding within the departments to enhance a mon focus on the organizational objectives. Thus, it is notable that the blog presents the following ideas: Soundness of the management to the success of the business. The importance of the enactment of effective goals. The relevance of flexibility in the administrative structure. The management levels matter most in determining the responsible authorities in handling various issues. A good administration structure should be the one that roles are clearly assigned and everyone better knows the power to report to (Carl and Michael, 2006, p. 162-190). The ever-changing business environment requires sound business strategies to maintain a petitive edge.   With the consumers varying needs, measures need to be established to ensure the pany is fully satisfying their needs. To remain petitive, businesses are investing in technology, and further encouraging creativity and innovation among staffs to ensure profit is maximized. Notably, a good organization structure enacts operational strategies based on the research and findings. The support of such initiatives is only experienced in an organization where individuals work as a team towards a mon purpose (Lim, et al. 2010).   People hold positions based on the qualifications and capability. And it significantly helps the management understands plans that are relevant to the business, set aside appropriate financial resources and further monitor and evaluate the plans accordingly. Good administrative structures empower employees through training programs, coaching and more to make them relevant to organization needs. Good strategies borrow from the management tools such as SWOT and PESTLE. A thorough understanding both internal and external business environment aids in the formulation of the right business plan (Butler, 2000, p. 39-43). Therefore, it is imperative for the current managers to ensure that the administration structure put in place facilitates the achievement of the business goals and objectives. The structure should facilitate faster decision making, support productive activities intended to propel the organization towards prosperity and that gives the pany petitive edge (Haslam, et al. 2011, p. 23-67). Usually, human beings have various characters and behave differently based on the situation. Getting a plete understanding of an individual regarding how he/she will respond to different scenarios is quite difficult (Griggs, 2015, p. 137). Based on the blog, the following ideas can be extracted: People are influenced by circumstances in making decisions. Personal decisions can also be influenced by individuals around us. One should remain objective in formulating decisions while holding management positions. Group conformity is real and can be avoided if one is required to disclose a solution via writing and further if the matter is a subject of personal accountability. People are however, influenced by various factors in making a personal decision. For example, the student can respond to a perceptual question posed by the instructor, based on the other bright student suggestion even if he know the answer is wrong (Aronson, et al. 2010, p. 99-120). Therefore, personal decision making depends on the circumstances facing the individuals and the people around. Before I discovered my capabilities, I used to make decisions based on views from my friends and individuals around. Even if I knew they were wrong, I just planned according to their suggestions to conform and fit the group. This group conformity justifies Asch Conformity Experiment regarding the power of the group. In most cases, the primary forces that determined my decision making when I was in a group were normative and informational factors (Eysenck, 2004, p. 345-370). The primary reason why I conformed to group norms was to avert punishments, rejection and further gain from social rewards associated with the members. Also, lack of information due to unfocused minds in class used to affect my conscience in answering perceptual questions. Thus, I could just stick on what a group member’s opinion. Currently, I make a decision based on the objective. The knowledge I have gained in the university is significant to allow me stand alone but stick to the truth. The present organization's requirements need leaders who understand themselves and have abilities to align the business goals with strategic plans. Therefore, buying groups’ suggestions just to be accepted at the expense of the firm can lead to business failure (Breckler, et al. 2006, p. 126). Usually, some people who lack leadership qualities and cannot stand alone from a group are susceptible to conformity to group norms. This conformity should not be the case. If we realize the relevance of staying objective to every matter in the organization set up, elements like creativity and innovation will be natured.   As a result, individuals can grow and always feel free to contribute to the organizational management. However, a group can force an individual to conform to its norms because of the following factors: Difficulty of the task, ambiguous situation, lack of information and identification purposes. First, when a group discovers that the job is tough, it can force a knowledgeable member to take the groups’ stand so that they cannot be judged as failures (Turner, 2005, p. 1-22). Secondly, an ambiguous situation may make a group to require its members to behave in the same way. Further, when a group lacks adequate information about a subject, it may force members to adopt one stand. Finally, a group can force a member to conform to the norms for identification purposes. Appearing different may portray a wrong image of the group. To sum up, organization strategy is a roadmap that guides the management about the organization priorities. The establishment of the right strategies and strict implementation increases the chances of business success. However, the effectiveness of the strategies depends on the administration structure and the support it has regarding the organization objectives. Besides, group conformity is real, and members conform because of various reason. Managers should thus, always focus on organization needs than following workers thought just to be accepted. Aronson, T. D.,Wilson, R. M., Akert, E. (2010). Social Psychology (7 ed.). Pearson.p. 99-120 Butler Jr., J.K. (2000). A global view of informal organization: Academy of Management Journal, 51, 3, 39-43. Breckler, S. J., Olson, J. M., & Wiggins, E. C. (2006). Social Psychology Alive. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning, p.126 Carl W. Stern and Michael S. Deimler. (2006). The Boston Consulting Group on Strategy: A collection of articles on strategy and management, p. 162-190 Eysenck, M. W. (2004). Psychology: An International Perspective. New York: Psychology Press, LTD, p.345-370 Griggs, R. A. (2015). "The Disappearance of Independence in Textbook Coverage of Asch's Social Pressure Experiments":   Teaching of Psychology, 42 (2): 137. Haslam, S., Reicher, S.D., Platow, M. J. (2011). The new psychology of leadership: Identity, influence and power. New York, NY: Psychology Press, 23-67 Lim, M., G. Griffiths, and S. Sambrook. (2010). Organizational structure for the twenty-first century: Presented the annual meeting of The Institute for Operations Research and The Management Sciences, Austin. Turner, J. C. (2005). "Explaining the nature of power: A three-process theory": European Journal of Social Psychology. 35: 1–22. Yves Morieux & Peter T. (2014). Six Simple Rules: How to Manage plexity without Getting plicated, 87-100.

Illinois Risk Mangement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Illinois Risk Mangement - Essay Example This paper has addressed these similarities as well as the differences. In its findings, it was established that the University has a different approach when it comes to the amount of risks it can handle from that of the Illinois government. Overall, one will realize that there are more similarities than differences in these two mainly because they both have people to care for and guarantee both safety and security. The business world is one that is more dependent on a businessperson’s level of knowledge coupled with their ability or willingness to apply it. Because of the unpredictability rife in almost every business, there are several measures taken to either eliminate any risk or mitigate them where they become inevitable. A Risk Management (RM) program is vital for corporate and other institutions to speculate and subsequently plan for the ever-present risks. Often, an institution might still incur losses if the RM program was not properly organized or if there is no clear continuity plan. Because the risks vary with institutions, the RM programs tend to differ. In this paper, a comparison of Illinois and Chicago State University’s RM programs has been done. Chicago State University (CSU) is a learning institution based in Chicago in the state of Illinois that offers several courses to students from all backgrounds. Its major risks include fire, natural calamities, and theft of vital learning equipment and injuries that might occur to students. On the other hand, the government of Illinois (GI) is tasked with providing crucial services to the state’s residents. This onus comes with ensuring that some incidents likely to cause loss of properties or lives are well mitigated. In short, both the CSU and GI have a somewhat similar duty. Both have people to whom security and safety has to be assured. The following section will compare and contrast the two institutions concerning the RM. Worth noting, every RM program foresees risks faced by a firm or

Alternative Approaches to Executive Compensation Essay

Alternative Approaches to Executive Compensation - Essay Example †¢ ïÆ'Ëœ Limitations of Optimal Contracting ïÆ'Ëœ Agency problem experienced by managers ïÆ'Ëœ CEO can influence the nomination process for the board directors ïÆ'Ëœ The directors may never challenge the CEO’s pay, as they may want to please the CEO. ïÆ'Ëœ Market forces are not strong enough to assure optimal contracting outcomes ïÆ'Ëœ Failure of maximizing the shareholder value ïÆ'Ëœ Directors’ interest in the firm is nominal and therefore may not be serious with the company management. ïÆ'Ëœ Some agreements of the directors may be affected by market forces especially those affecting capital. †¢ Managerial power approach ïÆ'Ëœ The Managerial power approach gives managers an opportunity to camouflage especially when extracting rent, ïÆ'Ëœ The approach may lead to the use of structures unfavorable to the firm performance and managerial incentives. ïÆ'Ëœ The compensation arrangement design depends on the perception of the outsiders ïÆ'Ëœ The manager ial power approach may influence the relationship between power and pay without considering performance ïÆ'Ëœ The CEO’s compensation may be influenced by transparency and salience disclosure. †¢ Power and Camouflage at Work Practices explained by power camouflage include ïÆ'Ëœ Power Pay Relationship ï‚ § Pay is higher in if managers have higher power ï‚ § The board is ineffective ï‚ § There is a small outside shareholder ï‚ § Fewer institutional shareholders ï‚ § Managers are protected by antitakeover arrangements ï‚ § Managers with antitakeover policy compensate themselves more ïÆ'Ëœ Compensation consultants ï‚ § Employed to provide advice on executive compensation ï‚ § May increase their incentive to please the CEO ï‚ § Used to justify executive pay instead of optimizing it ï‚ § Provides compensation data, which favors the CEO ïÆ'Ëœ Stealth Compensation ï‚ § This is where a firm may use camouflaging practices to enable them to pay the executives large sums of money. ï‚ § Payments include deferred compensation ï‚ § Loan forgiveness and consultation contracts ï‚ § Use of executive loans with favorable interest rates

Descartes Meditation Essay Example for Free

Descartes Meditation Essay Descartes holds that you are more mind than body. Do you agree? What sort of priority does he intend? † In the Meditation Two: Concerning the Nature of the Human Mind, Descartes describes himself â€Å"as if I had suddenly fallen into a deep whirlpool† (pg. 492), expressing the need to work his way up and pick up where he left off the day before. He basically exclaims that he will put off all doubts and â€Å"suppose that everything is false (492)†. In this meditation he plays on the concept that the mind is greater than the body. In some respects’ I do agree with what Descartes is saying about dualism concept and how we are â€Å"thinking things (493)†. I believe the mind is more important in some manner than the body because the power the mind has to think, reason, create, dream, imagine, believe, memorize, react, desire, feel, and the ability to know and have endless ideas. Descartes agrees that he â€Å"doubts, understands, affirms, denies, wills, refuses, and that also imagines and senses (494). †In this section I do agree with Descartes on his view of this â€Å"thinking thing†. The mind is so incredible that we humans can’t grasp the intricate complexes that the mind has. When Descartes describes the wax example I was rather confused but after critiquing the concept I have come to realization that it does make sense. I think Descartes was desperate to find away, some way to describe the importance of the mind and using this illustration was a creative way to do so. So he describes this piece of wax how it’s hard and cold, malleable, has a slight honey flavor (494). Then he describes what happens to this wax when it goes through the different temperature cycles and how the structure of the wax changes etc. So we know that when the piece of wax is going through those physical changes it still remains to be the same piece. So seeing that we understand that the hard piece of wax and now melted piece of wax have the same properties’ must not just come from the senses because all of the sensible properties were changed. As Descartes describes that â€Å"the sense of smell, sight, touch or hearing has now changed; and yet the wax remains (495). † So from this one may think that the imagination is what this piece of wax is, but Descartes exclaims, â€Å"Therefore this insight is not achieved by the faculty of imagination. Instead he concludes that â€Å"I (Descartes) perceive it through the mind alone. † Learning this illustration is shows the importance of the mind and the corporeal body. That the body can take on many different changes, yet the mind is beauty behind everything. I can’t say that I agree with everything that Descartes is trying to express, but I do agree with the fact there are hard concepts to grasp and understand. We each have unique mind, and understanding the mind will take time and will take patience.

The Excess of Men in the Mishnaic Tractate Yoma :: essays research papers

The Excess of Men in the Mishnaic Tractate Yoma   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat and confess over it all the iniquities and transgressions of the Israelites, whatever their sins, putting them on the head of the goat; and it shall be sent off to the wilderness through a designated man (Leviticus 16.20).† â€Å"He who set the Azazel-goat free shall wash his clothes and bathe his body in water; after that he may reenter the camp (Leviticus 16.26).† The preceding two quotes were the only mention of any people other than Aaron who were involved in the activities on the Day of Atonement. However, in the mishnaic tractate Yomah the mishnaic authors mention at least 50 other men who participate in the day’s events. It is unclear for this addition. Noticeably the groups of men are broken up into two distinct categories. The high priest is apparently trained, guided, and even observed by a group of elders of the court who eventually deliver him to the elders of the priest hood. The other group, was a group of men who completed many of the chosen High Priest’s simple minded and non exertive tasks. There is no specific name classification given to these men. This may be exemplary of their unimportance in the holy doings of the day. Unlike the need for elders of the court and priest hood, the necessity of these men is a bit unclear. It is unclear in the mishnaic tractate Yoma, as to why the many tasks performed by this nameless group of men could not just have been performed by the High Priest himself as it was by Aaron. The authors of this text write that â€Å"another priest was made ready in his stead lest aught should befall him to render him ineligible †¦ Also another wife was made ready for Page 2 him lest his own wife should die†¦ (Yoma 1:1)† Obviously one of the concerns for extra people in this day’s events is to assure that no matter what happens â€Å"the show must go on.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"They delivered unto him elders from among the elders of the Court, and they read before him out of the [prescribed] rite for the day; and they said to him, ‘My lord High Priest, do thou thyself recite with thine own mouth, lest thou hast forgotten or lest thou hast never learnt’. On the Day of Atonement in the morning they make him to stand at the Eastern Gate and pass before him oxen, rams, and a sheep, that he may gain knowledge and becomes versed in the [Temple-]Service (Yoma 1:3).

Trebuchet Lab

Objective: * To determine the how changing the throwing arm length and/or the counterweight mass affects the distance and direction that a can is thrown by a trebuchet. Trebuchet Test Results Our trebuchet had some technical and engineering damage and it did not worked properly. When we launched the sauce can, it moved in opposite direction (away from the target). In the other hand, when we tried it in previous moments it did worked. Design: Drawing of your trebuchet Questions and analysis: 1. Did your trebuchet worked correctly? If so, what was the maximum distance achieved?If not, why did it fail? It failed because the materials were damaged. The rope that attached one end of the throwing arm with the counterweight was damaged. This did not let the throwing arm to complete it cycle, to the can was launched before it was supposed to and the can moved backward. Also, the throwing arm was too loose and it moved from one side to the other side. 2. How might you measure the maximum heig ht your trebuchet could launch the can? You might you measure the maximum height your trebuchet could launch the can using a reference point.Watching which was the highest point that the can reached and measure the distance from it. 3. What simple machine is the throwing arm? The throwing arm is a lever and a lever a long stick that you push or pull against a fulcrum to move something. 4. What drawback and advantages does the trebuchet have in battle? Some drawbacks and advantages of the trebuchet in battle are that it helped to throw heavy things at enemies, have greater range capability and greater accuracy than the catapult, it launch object at a higher speed and its power is the counterweight. . How might you measure the maximum distance your trebuchet could launch? You might measure the maximum distance the trebuchet can launch the can by performing many trials, measuring and recording the different distances. The largest distance is the maximum distance your trebuchet could la unch a can. 6. What component makes the majority of a trebuchet? The component that makes the majority of the trebuchet is the frame because is supports the other components such as the throwing arm and the counter weight. . What is used to power the trebuchet? What is used to power the trebuchet is the counterweight because it is what pulls the throwing arm. 8. What is the object that is thrown called? The object that is thrown is the projectile. 9. Compare and contrast the trebuchet and the catapult. * A trebuchet is a catapult that uses a counterweight to supply the energy for throwing. * Catapults are any device that throws an object. * The trebuchet has greater range capability and greater accuracy than the catapult. Both are used to throw an object, a large distance. * The trebuchet launch an object at a higher speed than the catapult and its power is the counterweight. 10. How does the placement of a pivot point on the arm affect the mechanical advantage of the trebuchet? The higher you place the pivot point on the arm, the higher the object will go. The lower you place it the lower the object will go. 11. What should the mechanical advantage be for optimal throwing distance?The power into and out of the arm must be the same, so forces applied to points farther from the pivot must be less than when applied to points closer in. 12. What should the mass of the counterweight be for optimal throwing distance? The mass of the counterweight must be much greater than that mass of the object. 13. What should the length of the sling be for optimal throwing distance? Long slings have a smaller angle of release, short sling have a larger angle of release. 14. How is the throwing accuracy affected by the above mentioned factors? Mechanical advantage- The power into and out of the arm must be the same, so forces applied to points farther from the pivot must be less than when applied to points closer in. Otherwise, the object would not reach the target. * Mass of the counterweight- The mass have to be the correct one, a small mass would not power the trebuchet and an extremely large mass will change the direction of the can trajectory. * Length of the sling- Long slings has a smaller angle of release, so the can will reach a short distance.

Night Journeys Essay

Night Journeys by Avi is a story, set in 1768, of a teenage orphan named Peter York who lives with Everett Shinn and his family in Pennsylvania. Mr. Shinn is the leader of the Quaker Community and the local Justice of the Peace. Peter, who has been promised by the Shinn family to be treated well in exchange for his horse, Jumper, and hard work on their farm, is presented with what he refers to as a great crisis. The details of this crisis are revealed as Peter becomes deeply involved in a manhunt for two escaped bondsmen, better known as indentured servants. Although only 12 years old, Peter volunteers to participate in the search for the escaped servants and finds himself facing physical perils as he and Mr. Shinn become separated during the search. Peter inadvertently finds one of the escapees, who just happens to be an 11 year old girl. After Peter shoots the girl, rather by accident, he finds himself torn between his moral obligation to abide by the law and return with the girl, which would yield a reward and allow Mr.  Shinn to purchase a new horse and return Jumper, and following his conscience, which tells him to provide food and help the girl escape. After making a rushed promised to help the girl escape to freedom, Peter learns that the second servant has been found and is being held prisoner at the Shinn family farm. Peter has already promised one of the servants that he would help, so how, he wonders, can he turn his back on her accomplice. Is it right to help two convicted felons escape, when doing so will incriminate him and bring shame to the Shinn family, or should he turn in the girl and have both of these servants be returned to their â€Å"Master†? Peter takes action and decides to help both prisoners escape to freedom after much reflection and a realization that he too is imprisoned to the Shinn family, albeit in a less obvious manner than the two bondsmen. As the story comes to a close, Mr.  Shinn knowingly helps as Peter escapes with the servants to freedom. And as with any great story, there is a pleasant twist at the end where Peter returns to the farm, having given Jumper to the servants, and Mr. Shinn acknowledges that Peter, the 12 year old child, has done what he, the elder moral leader of the community, was not able to do. A bond between the two is firmly established and Peter returns to the Shinn farm, not as a prisoner, but as a member of the family. Night Journeys can serve as a great read aloud for an upper elementary class that is studying character education. With a relatively simply plot, and easily identifiable moral knowing and feeling conflicts, this book can be used to demonstrate how Peter, a likeable 12 year old, acts in a way that exemplifies his morals, showcases his personal values and otherwise focuses on character education. Teaching points related to various aspects of character education are easily created to align with the use of this book as a class read aloud.

Words for Bodies of Lawmakers

Words for Bodies of Lawmakers Words for Bodies of Lawmakers Words for Bodies of Lawmakers By Mark Nichol This post discusses an assortment of words employed in English to refer to a group of people responsible for representing the general populace and passing laws, or to pertain to the room in which they meet to do so, or both. Assembly, from Anglo-French by way of the Latin term assimulare (â€Å"together†), is used in many states and nations to refer to a body of legislators, usually one of two in a bicameral, or two-house, system. It also refers in general to a gathering. Burgess was used in England’s Parliament and subsequently in some of the British colonies in North America to refer to legislators. It is related to burg and borough, which often form part of the name of a city or a district of one; the term basically means â€Å"citizen.† (When the term was widely used, any citizen of at least modestly prosperous standing conceivably could serve as a burgess.) The Latin origin, burgensis, mutated into the Old French word borjois, which then entered English as burgeis and was later spelled in its present form. Later, bourgeois, the Modern French form of borjois, was borrowed directly into English; it now collectively denotes people with conventional middle-class values. Chamber is from the Latin word for an arched roof, which is borrowed from a Greek term meaning â€Å"vault.† It can also apply to a meeting room for legislators or to a judge’s office or to a reception room for a person in a position of authority, or any room in general. (The root word of bicameral has the same origin, as does camera.) The word also applies to an artificial or natural enclosed space or cavity, such as a portion of a cavern, a section of a machine, or a segment of a heart. In addition, it describes a compartment for a bullet in a gun. The word can serve as an adjective, as in â€Å"chamber music,† or a verb describing the action of occupying a space. Congress, from the Latin term congredi, which literally means â€Å"walk together,† came to refer to a formal meeting of representatives from different places. Its current sense stems from the name of the Continental Congress, attended by delegates from each of the thirteen original (and distinct) British colonies in North America. When the fledgling US government subsequently named its bicameral legislative body, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives, Congress, the meaning shifted to refer to a body of representatives from the same country or state. (Congress is also employed, though rarely, in the sense of â€Å"a sexual union.†) Council, which derives from the Latin term concilium, which roughly means â€Å"call with,† refers to a group that makes decisions, rules, or laws or provide guidance. Formal lawmaking councils usually are limited in scope to jurisdictions such as cities or towns. Diet, ultimately from the Greek term diaita, meaning â€Å"regimen† or â€Å"way of life,† came to refer to daily rites or obligations and then daily meetings of counselors and officials, and it still is employed as part of the formal name for the national legislature in Japan. (The use of the word in reference to eating and nutrition has the same etymological source.) Legislature is an extension of legislator, itself directly stemming from the Latin phrase legis lator, meaning â€Å"one who proposes a law.† (Legis is the progenitor of legal.) The word is widely used generically to refer to a body of lawmakers and is frequently part of such a group’s formal name. The spelling of the Old French term parlement, meaning â€Å"a talk,† was altered, influenced by the Latin word parliamentum, to parliament to refer to a conference. A later sense of an assembly commanded by a monarch contributed to the naming of England’s Parliament, its national deliberative body. Parliamentarian originally referred to member of Parliament’s faction in the English Civil War, but in modern use it pertains to someone knowledgeable about parliamentary procedure, a protocol for conducting formal meetings. One term that didn’t survive into the modern era is witenagemot, a compound word referring to advisory groups consisting of members of the ruling class in various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in the early Middle Ages. The first element is a plural form of wita, meaning â€Å"wise man,† and the second part of the word, gemot, means â€Å"meeting.† That word is related to moot, extinct as a noun and used rarely as a verb but present as an adjective in the idiomatic phrase â€Å"moot point.† Moot and the second syllable of gemot are related to meet, meeting, and met. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Has vs. Had225 Foreign Phrases to Inspire YouWhat Is a Doctor?

Decision Making Case Study Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Decision Making Case Study Analysis - Essay Example Mary, as a relatively new and inexperienced probation officer has a fresh outlook and different expectations from the system. Her approach to the case places more importance on "positivism" and a "watchman style" as she has not yet become part of the system; the cultural ethos of the organization on the other hand in entrenched in "classicalism" and has a rigid "legalistic" approach (Stojkovic, Kalinich, & Klofas, 2003, p. 295). If only rational guidelines were to be considered, then, based on the crime score and offender score parameters (Stojkovic, et al., 2003, p 312), the offender qualifies for probation. Moreover, the offence is one of statutory rape and charges have been filed by the parents of the girl, over the objections of the victim. Hence more discretion, within the boundaries of bounded rationality is warranted and needs to be the primary factor in this case. Political considerations, however legitimate should not fly in the face of natural justice. Most decisions are arrived at keeping an organization's long-term goals in mind and solutions fall in to well established and acceptable solutions for identified problems - the 'garbage can' concept. To that extent, organizational culture is a definitive influencing factor. In fact it is this deeply ingrained ethos which influences the advice given to Mary by her supervisor. This kind of 'standard operating procedure' leads to the formation of 'legitimizing rituals' that further perpetuate the laid down decision making process. In effect, "equilibrium is set and protected" (Stojkovic, et al., 2003, p 301). This is what Mary learns from the case. Symbolically the case is a sex offence and because of the pressure of organizational culture it has to be treated as one of many such cases rather than treating it on its own merits. The pre-set solution for such cases is the decision already 'arrived at'. This results in a compromise solution that though not exactly the best satisfies everyone in the system. This is because all decisions are made with incomplete information and although rationality requires the ability to choose between all possible courses of action, in practice all of them are not capable of being implemented due to various constraints. Hence the adoption of the concept of satisfycing i.e., "the attainment of acceptable rather than optimal results" (Stojkovic, et al., 2003, p 298), which is a useful concept in criminal justice to satisfy diverse and contradictory interests. Cultural and Political Concerns in Decision Making Cultural and political concerns can never be left out of any decision making process as decisions are not made in a vacuum. Hence, understanding of thee limitations and learning how to work through them is a better option in the long run. This is what Mary realizes when it dawns on her that a compromise solution would have a better chance of success, since, "recommendations of probation officersgenerally correlate with sentencing decisions" (Stojkovic, et al., 2003, p. 302). The inputs given by Mary as a result of the PSI would provide crucial inputs that would influence the final outcome. Recommendations that are grounded in rationality and backed by the results of prediction models would certainly enhance the acceptability of the recommendations.

HNC Electrical Engineering Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

HNC Electrical Engineering Project - Essay Example As the proposed building extension is to be progressed beyond the feasibility stage, this project proposal has been requested by the Estates and Facilities Department within the Trust to examine the proposals for the upgrading of the existing standby electricity generation provision in order to supply the extension. This project intends to give a detailed design and testing of the electrical generator system for the expanded building. 1.1. The electrical layout of the Royal Lancaster Infirmary: The electrical load requirement of the existing Royal Lancaster Infirmary, is in the high voltage range. The maximum electrical load demand of the existing sites peaks to around 875 KVA. According to the guidelines of the management policy of the Health Technical Memorandum 2011 (1992), this electrical load requirement is being satisfied by two 500 ampere, 11 KV high tension supply running in parallel. The incoming 11KV is taken to an incoming breaker through a RMG from the incoming breaker, t he 11 KV supply is passed on to the group coil breaker. From the group coil breaker, it gets split into four transformers for supply boost up. There are four high tension breakers connecting the group coil breakers to the four transformers. To satisfy the load demand, two transformers of 500 KVA and two transformers of 315 KVA are used. ... Among the existing buildings, most of the electrical consumption is due to the demand in the medical unit that comprises the blood storage unit, the coronary care unit, the wards. These sections of the hospital demand critical supply of electrical power. The medical unit encompasses the plant rooms in the roof and the basement. The other units like the women’s unit, the wards, the pharmacy, the pathology unit, the kitchen cum restaurant also consume considerable power. The wiring layout does not split the essential and critical sections of the electrical requirement from that of the non essential sections. Hence at present the generator load is same as the entire site load. The generator that is operational at present is a single generator that has a capacity of 530 KV at around 750 amps. This set up is already highly loaded and the possibility of additional load is less. Also the existing generator is class 2 type and is capable of handling only 50% of the rated capacity. To manage this, there are additional control systems that shed the load of non critical systems. 1.2. The current problem in electrical backup: The electrical requirement of the existing building as discussed earlier is being satisfied by a single generator. In this context, the proposal for extending two more phases of the hospital building has led to additional electrical load. The proposed new building phases include that of the phase 3 building called as the centenary building and the phase 4 building which is a new extension in the Royal Lancaster Infirmary site. The centenary building encompasses many blocks. The various blocks include the accident and emergency unit, radiology unit, paediatric unit and the HSDU unit. These major units are located in the